Spinal Cord Stimulator FAQs + Info

Spinal Cord Stimulator FAQs PTCOA

Chronic back pain--pain that lasts for 12 weeks or more--is one of the leading causes of disability and lost time at work in the United States. Back pain, either acute or chronic, was the second most common patient-reported medical complaint in one study that covered 12 countries and five continents1. Chronic low back pain has even been linked to a lower perceived quality of life in affected patients2


Diagnosis and treatment of back pain is complex and sometimes difficult. Back pain can be caused by a number of conditions and injuries and can plague individuals long after an injury has healed or a condition has been treated. 


For patients experiencing chronic back pain that hasn’t responded to traditional treatment options, like anti-inflammatory drugs, physical therapy or rest, a spinal cord stimulator trial may be an effective solution.


Here’s what you should know about this life-changing pain treatment option

What is Spinal Cord Stimulation?

Spinal Cord Stimulation (SCS) is a minimally-invasive procedure that implants a neuromodulation device (pulse generator) in the spine of a person experiencing chronic back pain. The device is controlled by the patient, who uses a remote control to trigger the release of tiny electrical pulses when he or she experiences back pain. 


These electrical signals stimulate the nerves in the spine, interrupting the pain signals those nerves are sending to the brain.


Spinal cord stimulation has been used for over 40 years in treating chronic back pain.

Which Pain Conditions Can Be Treated With a Spinal Cord Stimulator?

A number of conditions cause pain that is non-responsive to traditional pain treatments. In these cases, spinal cord stimulation may provide an exceptional level of pain relief and may allow patients to reduce the amount of pain medication they need to manage their symptoms. 


The conditions have been successfully treated with spinal cord stimulators:


Failed Back Surgery Syndrome.
FBSS is not actually a syndrome. Instead, it’s a collection of symptoms experienced by individuals who have undergone back surgery that wasn’t successful3. Failed Back Surgery Syndrome causes persistent, new or worsening pain following back surgery. This pain often results from the buildup of scar tissue around spinal nerves, recurrent disc herniation, and errors by surgeons. Pain caused by FBSS may not respond to traditional pain treatments. 


Neuropathy. Neuropathy is a painful condition caused by damage to nerve tissues. When a nerve is damaged, it can produce an abnormal pain sensation, even when there is no painful stimuli4. Neuropathy symptoms include numbness, muscle weakness, tingling, a feeling of pins and needles, and general pain in the affected areas. Neuropathy commonly occurs in people with diabetes or HIV or in those who are undergoing chemotherapy treatment. It is also found in people who drink heavily or those working in professions that require repeated physical movements.


Complex Regional Pain Syndrome. CRPS, also known as reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome, is a condition that causes chronic pain as a result of dysfunction or inflammation in the peripheral or central nervous systems5. This nerve system dysfunction is typically caused by an injury, prior surgery, and prolonged lack of movement in a limb. Rarely, CRPS can occur without a clear cause. CRPS can cause a variety of pain sensations, including burning, throbbing, temperature sensitivity, swelling and muscle spasms. It can also cause changes in skin texture and color, abnormal hair and nail growth, and muscle weakness in the affected area. 


Arachnoiditis.
Arachnoiditis is a rare pain condition caused by inflammation in one of the spinal nerves’ protective membranes. Arachnoiditis can be caused by a number of conditions or incidents, including injury, infection, exposure to chemicals, failed spinal surgery, and compression of the spinal nerves. The condition causes shooting pains, numbness, tingling, and even a sensation of insects crawling on the skin. Some individuals with arachnoiditis experience muscle cramps, involuntary muscle twitching, and bladder, bowel and sexual problems. 


Outside of these conditions, a spinal cord stimulator may work for individuals who stump pain, multiple sclerosis and other conditions. 


It is important to talk to a pain specialist about the nature, severity, and duration of your pain. If you’ve been experiencing chronic back pain for a long time, a pain specialist may be able to help. 

What is a Spinal Cord Stimulator Trial?

Before a patient can receive a spinal cord stimulator implant--a permanent implant in the spinal canal--he or she must undergo a spinal cord stimulator trial. The trial phase is extremely important, as it will allow your pain management provider to determine how effective spinal cord stimulation is in relieving your pain. 


During the trial phase
, the epidural space--the outermost area of the spinal canal--is accessed using x-ray guidance and an epidural needle. Once proper placement of the needle has been confirmed, your pain specialist will insert a small electrode through the needle and confirm proper placement in the epidural space. These electrodes are connected to a spinal cord stimulator device that, when activated, sends tiny electrical pulses to the epidural space. After one electrode is successfully placed, the process is repeated to place a second electrode. Placement of two electrodes is typical during the trial phase.


After proper placement of the electrodes
, a member of the device’s team will activate the spinal cord stimulator and ask you to describe the sensations you experience as he or she adjusts the device’s settings. A successful trial will gradually replace pain sensations with a pleasant tingling feeling, a process which typically takes only 10 minutes. 


After the initial test of the electrodes
, your pain specialist will remove the epidural needle and secure the electrodes to your back with tape and a small number of stitches. Once this is complete, you will leave the clinic and begin a 5-day trial of the device. During the trial, you should continue all daily activities normally. You should also continue to take any prescribed daily pain medications. During this time, pay close attention to your pain levels and how your activity level is affected due to your pain. 


At the end of the five day trial period
, you will return to the pain clinic to have the electrodes removed. You will also talk to your doctor about the effectiveness of the trial in reducing your daily pain. 


If you experienced at least a fifty percent reduction in pain
and were able to complete daily activities more easily, you’re likely a good candidate for a spinal cord stimulator implant.

Permanent Implantation of a Spinal Cord Stimulator After Successful Trial

If a patient has undergone a successful spinal cord stimulator trial, he or she may elect to receive a permanent implanted device. 


Permanent implantation of a spinal cord stimulator is a surgical procedure that is performed under general anesthesia in an operating room.
 


The permanent implantation can be done via laminotomy, performed by an outside surgeon, or via percutaneous implant, performed by a pain specialist. 


It’s important to talk with your pain specialist about the risks, benefits and potential complications of permanent implantation via laminotomy versus percutaneous implantation. 

What Are the Potential Complications of a Spinal Cord Stimulator?

Spinal cord stimulation is considered a safe procedure.


However, there are risks associated with any surgical procedure, including:


- Infection at implant site

- Device migration (a permanent device is typically implanted using sutures to minimize post-procedure migration)

- Damage to the device, typically caused by an injury, intense physical activity like heavy lifting, or physical trauma near the implant site

- Dural damage, leading to severe headaches

- Nerve damage and paralysis


It’s important to note that serious biological complications, like dural damage, nerve damage or spinal trauma, are extremely rare6

Spinal Cord Stimulator Trials and Implantation with PTCOA in Arkansas

Many people with chronic back pain suffer for years without ever truly learning which options are available to address their pain. 


The pain management specialists at Pain Treatment Centers of America specialize in the diagnosis and treatment of chronic back pain, including pain that doesn’t respond to traditional treatments. 


If you’re suffering from chronic back pain, our pain specialists may be able to recommend new treatments or procedures that finally provide you with relief. 


If you’re interested in learning more about spinal cord stimulation at Pain Treatment Centers of America, contact us today: (844) 215-0731.


Sources:


  1. "What are the most common conditions in primary care? - NCBI." https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6234945/.
  2. "Personal and Societal Impact of Low Back Pain - LWW Journals." 15 Dec. 2019, https://journals.lww.com/spinejournal/fulltext/2019/12150/personal_and_societal_impact_of_low_back_pain__the.9.aspx
  3. "Failed back surgery syndrome: current perspectives - NCBI." 7 Nov. 2016, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5106227/.
  4. "Peripheral Neuropathy Fact Sheet | National Institute of ...." https://www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/Patient-Caregiver-Education/Fact-Sheets/Peripheral-Neuropathy-Fact-Sheet.
  5. "Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Fact Sheet | National ...." https://www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/Patient-Caregiver-Education/Fact-Sheets/Complex-Regional-Pain-Syndrome-Fact-Sheet.
  6. "Chiropractic management of post spinal cord stimulator spine ...." 6 Feb. 2017, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5292803/.
By Bob Berendsen February 1, 2026
Chronic or acute pain has the potential to significantly impact your daily life, making even everyday tasks a hassle. Pain Treatment Centers of America believes that knowing your medication options is a crucial step in building an appropriate, personal pain management strategy. While many treatment options are available, pharmacologic therapy has been the peak of comprehensive care. Types of Medications Used in Pain Management Pain medications are not universalized. The selection of the right prescription depends on the pain type, severity, and medical history. Common categories include: 1. Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) NSAIDs, such as ibuprofen or naproxen, tend to be the first line of defense for low levels of pain. They reduce swelling and provide comfort associated with conditions like arthritis, back pain, or joint injuries. In some patients, however, they can affect the stomach or kidneys. Therefore, careful studying and dosing guidance from a professional is key. 2. Acetaminophen Acetaminophen is mostly for general pain reduction and is sometimes combined with other treatments. Unlike NSAIDs, it doesn’t target swelling. Nonetheless, it can be effective for pain relief and daily improvement. 3. Muscle Relaxants For pain caused by muscle spasms or tension, muscle relaxants can provide relief. These medications work by calming overactive muscles and are usually prescribed for short-term use to prevent dependency or side effects. 4. Antidepressants and Anti-Seizure Medications Certain antidepressants and anti-seizure drugs can treat neuropathic (nerve) pain. They work by altering how the nervous system processes signals of pain throughout your body. Even if you do not experience depression or seizures, these medications assist with pain control. 5. Opioids Opioids are strong pain-relieving medications chosen for more potent pain when other options aren’t doing the trick. At Pain Treatment Centers of America, we practice strict guidelines to minimize risks, evaluate patient progress, and ensure healthy, responsible use. A combination of Opioids can be introduced to other treatments as part of a multimodal pain management plan. Personalized Pain Management The effectiveness of medications is best when combined with other therapies; physical therapy, interventional procedures, and lifestyle changes. We work closely with each patient to structure a plan that focuses on the root cause of pain, not just the signs. Every treatment plan is carefully engineered, giving thought to variables like medical history, existing conditions, and possible side effects. Patients are taught how to use the medication safely, dosing schedules, and expectations of each prescription. Take the Next Step Understanding your medication options enables you to take charge of your pain and improve your life overall. If you’re having issues with chronic or acute pain, our professionals at Pain Treatment Centers of America will gladly help. We mix the most up-to-date pharmacologic therapies with personalized care to provide comfort, improve function, and enhance your total well-being. Schedule a consultation today to learn which pain management medications are a good fit.
By Bob Berendsen January 15, 2026
Winter, widely considered the season of comfort, is the time for indoor relaxation and quiet contemplation. However, winter also brings with it some very real dangers, including cold, dark, and slippery surfaces. For older adults or those dealing with chronic pain, a small slip on these surfaces can lead to serious injuries that take months to heal. The good news? You can train your body to handle these challenges. Let’s explore some simple, safe exercises you or your loved ones can do from the comfort of your home to build your winter-proof stability. Why Winter Increases the Risk of Falls Cold weather brings more than just chilly air. It changes the way we move, how our muscles respond, and even how we think about walking. When it’s icy, people tend to tense up, take shorter steps, and look down more often. Muscles also get tighter in the cold, which reduces flexibility. Plus, all those bulky layers of clothes mess with your center of gravity and limit how quickly you can react if you start to lose your balance. Your boots might be waterproof and warm, but they're probably not giving you the ankle support or ground feel you'd get from your regular shoes. Then there's the simple fact that many of us move less in winter. Maybe you skip your daily walks when it's freezing, or you stop going to that exercise class because driving feels too risky. But here's the catch: the less you move, the weaker you get, and the weaker you get, the more likely you are to fall. Building a Foundation To prevent this, you simply need to work on two main things: balance and strength. Physical therapy and balance-focused exercises train your muscles, joints, and nervous system to respond faster and more effectively when something throws you off. Balance Training Balance isn’t just about standing still without wobbling. It’s about how your body reacts when something throws it off center. When you step on ice, for example, your brain and muscles have to communicate in an instant to keep you upright. If that connection is slow or weak, you’re more likely to fall. Some simple ways to train your balance include: ● Single Leg Stands : Stand near a sturdy surface like a countertop or wall for support. Lift one foot slightly off the ground and hold that position for 10–15 seconds. Then switch sides. At first, you might wobble, but that’s perfectly normal. Over time, your legs, ankles, and core muscles will get stronger, and your balance will improve. Try doing 3 rounds on each leg daily. ● Heel-to-Toe Walk: Imagine you’re walking on a tightrope. Place one foot directly in front of the other, heel touching toe, as you move slowly across the room. This simple drill strengthens your stabilizing muscles and sharpens coordination. Keep your eyes forward, not down, and use a wall for light support if needed. ● Side Leg Raises: Hold onto a sturdy chair or counter. Lift one leg out to the side while keeping your back straight and your toes facing forward. Lower it slowly and repeat. This exercise builds hip strength, which plays a big role in staying upright on slippery ground. ● Weight Shifts: Stand with your feet hip-width apart and shift your weight from one leg to the other slowly. Feel your balance change from left to right. This gentle exercise teaches your body to adjust quickly. Strength Training Balance and strength go hand in hand. When your muscles are strong, they act like shock absorbers, keeping you stable even when your footing isn’t perfect. Focus on the muscles that support your posture and help you move safely. Here are a few simple exercises to include in your daily routine: ● Chair Squats: Sit down and stand up from a sturdy chair without using your hands for support. Keep your feet flat on the floor and your knees aligned with your toes. This move strengthens your thighs, hips, and glutes—key muscles for stability and control. ● Heel Raises: Stand behind a chair or counter and slowly lift your heels so you’re standing on your toes. Lower back down after holding for a few seconds. This helps strengthen your calves and ankles, improving the small muscle reactions that keep you upright when you slip. ● March in Place: Lift your knees high as if you’re marching. Do this for one to two minutes, rest, and repeat. Marching builds leg endurance and helps train your coordination. ● Core Squeezes: While sitting or standing, tighten your stomach muscles as if you’re zipping up a snug jacket. Hold for 10 seconds, then release. A strong core helps your upper and lower body work together to keep you balanced. These movements may look simple, but they’re powerful. Doing them for just 10–15 minutes a day can make winter walks safer and less stressful. Warming Up Before You Head Outdoors Cold weather tightens muscles and slows blood flow, making your body less responsive. That’s why warming up before heading outside is so important. Think of it as insurance against sudden slips. Try a short warm-up routine before stepping out: ● Arm circles to loosen shoulders. ● Gentle knee bends to wake up leg muscles. ● Shoulder rolls and neck stretches to improve mobility. ● A quick indoor walk or stair climb to raise your heart rate slightly. It’s also wise to check your footwear. Look for rubber soles with deep treads for better traction. Avoid smooth or worn-out shoes, and consider ice grips that attach to your boots if you live in a particularly snowy area. Winter doesn't have to be a season of fear. By investing just 10-15 minutes a day in these simple, safe exercises, you can build the strength and confidence you need to navigate the season safely. You are giving your body the tools it needs to stay upright, stable, and strong. When to Ask for Professional Help If you’ve had a fall before or feel nervous about losing your balance, it’s a good idea to get help from a physical therapist or pain specialist. They can assess your movement patterns and create a personalized exercise plan to strengthen weak areas. At Pain Treatment Centers of America , we often see patients who avoid movement due to fear of falling or pain. With guided therapy, they rebuild strength and confidence. Therapists also teach safe walking techniques, posture corrections, and stretching routines that make winter mobility much easier. Even if you’re recovering from an injury or dealing with chronic conditions like arthritis, a professional can tailor exercises that improve stability without aggravating pain. Our team at Pain Treatment Centers of America can provide you with the comprehensive care you need to manage your pain. Contact us to book an appointment!
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